Winter 2008
     

In this issue:

 
Wild About Wildlife XI
Valentine Adoptions
A Day at Southwest Wildlife
The Costs of Valley Fever
Raccoons
Southwest Wildlife Needs...
Recent Rescues
Book Review
Special Thanks
March 15, 2008

Four Seasons Resort
Scottsdale at Troon North
 
Saturday, January 26
Walk on the Wild Side!
Mountain Lions:
the Mysterious Cat
 
Adopt a WILD
Valentine!
A Day at Southwest Wildlife
by Karen Lynn

We would like to thank all of our volunteers and donors for their help at Southwest Wildlife over the past year. Our onsite volunteers are quite aware of the pace at our facility! However, our offsite volunteers and financial supporters may not realize just how hectic a day at Southwest Wildlife can be. We thought we'd share with you some of the activities on a typical day at Southwest Wildlife so you'd understand how much we—not to mention our precious wildlife!—appreciate your support.

There are so many tasks that must be performed daily in order to care for the animals: cleaning crates, enclosures, and food bowls, preparing food, and providing fresh, clean drinking water. In addition, the phones must be answered, proper records kept, and food and medical supplies ordered and stocked.

Orphans and more critically ill animals, who reside in the clinic, bring added challenges: preparation of medications and special diets, loads of laundry (towels and blankets most commonly serve as bedding for sick animals), round-the-clock feeding schedules, and, of course, meds must be administered—which usually isn't easy with wild animals! The volunteer heroes who do this work understand that, although it may not be glamorous work, it is vital to the well-being of each and every animal that comes to us for care.

As you may imagine, a considerable amount of time is spent on wildlife medicine. On one typical, recent day:

  • A volunteer veterinarian and vet tech arrived to evaluate recovering animals.
  • One coyote with an injured leg that was not responding to treatment underwent an amputation in our surgical suite.
  • A bobcat kitten with extensive tissue damage had to be sedated just enough to have her bandage changed.
  • The Flagstaff rescuer of an orphan skunk was instructed on the care and feeding of the baby until it could hitch a ride to our facility.
  • A mountain lion resident of our sanctuary developed breathing problems (later found to be due to Valley Fever) and had to be moved into the clinic for monitoring and medication.

Southwest Wildlife provides a safe haven for wildlife whether they are temporary rehabilitation residents or permanent sanctuary residents. Medicating, caring for, and feeding these animals takes a lot of time and money. So, whether you are a volunteer or a financial supporter of Southwest Wildlife...THANK YOU!

Make a donation.

 
The Costs of Valley Fever

Valley Fever, Coccidioidomycosis, is caused by a fungus that exists in the soils of the desert areas of the southwest. When this fungus blooms, it forms tiny arthrospores which lie dormant in the soil. These spores, when the soil is disturbed, are capable of floating in the air over long distances and for long periods of time.

What does this have to do with wildlife? It is important to realize that we humans are not the only ones who can contract Valley Fever. Our pets and wildlife are at risk as well.

As more and more virgin desert landscapes go under bulldozers' blades in the name of development, more and more arthrospores are released into the air we breathe. Inhalation of these arthrospores is what causes Valley Fever, which is NOT contagious.

Most animals, including us humans, will develop the self-limiting form of the disease and have virtually no symptoms. However, the more spores inhaled, the more likely it is that a more advanced form of the disease will develop. Symptoms of the advanced form of Valley Fever will vary, depending upon the organ(s) affected.

Because wildlife live outdoors, it is virtually impossible to limit their exposure to the airborne arthrospores released into the air by desert development. That is why Valley Fever has become an increasingly serious problem for wildlife.

Here at Southwest Wildlife, the toll Valley Fever has taken is high. Medicating wild animals is never easy—you can't just ask a bear to open his mouth and take a pill! In an effort to get the animals to ingest them, the medications must be specially compounded in different forms and/or flavors for different species. In addition, the safe and correct dosage must be carefully ascertained for each individual animal.

The ongoing medication regimen required for Valley Fever patients is costly: it eats up our staff time and medication dollars.

Unfortunately, more than just time and money has been lost to Valley Fever. Too many of our wild guests do not survive this serious disease.

Because your pets may also get Valley Fever and the symptoms of the advanced form can vary so widely, pets should be tested for Valley Fever if they exhibit signs of illness and during routine vet visits. For more information about Valley Fever, visit our website at www.southwestwildlife.org. Once there, click on Wildlife Educational Resources, then on Wildlife Articles-Selected Topics. You may also visit the website for the Valley Fever Center for Excellence at www.vfce.arizona.edu.

Make a donation.

 



 

Raccoons

by Hillary Williams

Raccoons, the masked bandits, are well know for raiding garbage cans in the middle of the night and making a mess, but few realize raccoons are helpful in that they eat insects humans do not like. Raccoons, Procyon lotor, are found commonly in every one of the lower 48 States, in much of southern Canada, and throughout Mexico and Central America. Raccoons are very adaptable and can thrive in different kinds of habitats, from the desert southwest to tropical forests and northern hardwood forests. They especially thrive in urban areas.

Their highly mobile and dexterous hands allow them to manipulate doors and latches and also help them to find food. Raccoons often appear to "wash" their food in water. However, they are actually just feeling their food, their acute sense of touch is accentuated by the water. They knead and tear their food to find the edible portions. They may even "wash" their food in dirt.

Although some consider raccoons carnivores, they are actually omnivores. They will eat whatever food is available, including crayfish, frogs, insects, mice, birds, eggs, fruits, vegetation, carrion, and trash. Raccoons prefer to live in areas with water, so in Arizona they are more common along the perennial streams, lakes, and reservoirs. They are also found in rural areas where permanent water is available. For example, golf course lakes and ponds suit the raccoons of the Sonoran desert just fine.

The stout bodied mammal is covered with gray, black, and brown fur. They weigh 12-35 pounds, and the females are about 25 percent smaller than the males. Their heads are broad, narrowing to a pointed muzzle. Black patches of fur under their eyes give the masked appearance they are so famous for and make the eyes appear larger than they are. Their eyes are black, and their ears erect and prominent. Raccoons have five to seven dark rings around their tails, the tips of which are always dark. The short-legged raccoon has short claws and the soles of their feet are naked or partially hair-covered.

Raccoons are generally solitary. Males and females will come together for a short time during mating season, which usually takes place in February or March. Raccoons are polygamous; one male may mate with two or three females. In April or May, three to five young are born after a gestation period of 60-73 days. The young remain with mom in their den, which might be located in a hollow tree, stump, rock crevice, or other animals' burrows.

The young are darker than adults, which may aid in camouflage. They open their eyes after 21 days and venture from their dens with their mothers after nine weeks. By six months, the young are independent of their mothers. Males play no role in raising the young.

Adult raccoons have few natural predators. However, great horned owls, wolves, coyotes, large snakes, and bobcats are a threat to young raccoons. Humans are the major threat to raccoons. Automobiles kill many, although they are also hunted and trapped. Hunters with dogs pursue raccoons as a game species, and most of the kills for the annual raccoon harvest are by hunters with hounds. As a fur-bearing species, they are also trapped. In Arizona, raccoons are the only animals that can be legally taken with a firearm at night.

A great way for someone you love to feel a connection to a wild animal.
Sponsor a Valentine Kit Fox

...and you will receive a personalized Valentine's Day card in addition to the standard Sponsorship benefits:

  • personalized sponsorship certificate
  • 4 X 6 photo of a kit fox


Adopt a Valentine Kit Fox

...and you will receive a plush stuffed toy fox plus a personalized Valentine's Day card in addition to the standard Adoption benefits:

  • personalized adoption certificate
  • special greetings during the year
  • 8 X 10 photo of a kit fox
Order your adoption or sponsorship online.
Special Events
Calendar
Walk on the Wild Side!

Each evening in this series of fund raising events includes a nighttime tour of our Nature Center and concludes with a presentation by a respected wildlife expert.

Prepaid reservations required.
Adults: $25
Children under 16: $10


Make your Walk on the Wild Side! reservations online NOW or call the Education Department at 480-471-3621.


Mountain Lions:
the Mysterious Cats


Saturday, January 26
5pm – 7pm

Featured Speaker:
Stuart Wells, Director of Husbandry, Phoenix Zoo


Venomous Animals of AZ


Saturday, February 16
5pm – 7pm

Featured Speaker:
Randy Babb, Information & Education Program Manager, Arizona Dept. of Game & Fish


Jaguars in the Borderlands


Saturday, March 8
5pm – 7pm

Featured Speaker:
Emil McCain, Project Biologist, Jaguar Borderlands Detection Project


California Condors:
the Status of Recovery


Saturday, April 18
6pm – 8pm

Featured Speaker:
Chris Parish, Condor Conservation Director, Peregrine Fund

Make your
Walk on the Wild Side!

reservations online NOW
Wild About Wildlife XI


Dinner and Auction

This annual fund raising event is vital for us to continue our mission of “saving our wildlife, one life at a time.”

Saturday, March 15, 2008
6pm
Four Seasons Resort

Scottsdale at Troon North

Make your Wild About Wildlife XI reservations online NOW
Go Wild on Earth Day





Saturday, April 26
Open House,
10am – 3pm

Adults, $15
Children under 16, $10

Southwest Wildlife's Earth Day Open House will include:
-
wild animal encounters
 
-
Nature Center tours, highlighting the importance and roles of all animals in an ecosystem
 
-
fun and educational family activities throughout the day
View Earth Day
Schedule and Activities NOW!
Southwest Wildlife Needs...
...
donations to our Wild About Wildlife XI dinner and fundraising auction. For more information, please call Stephania at 480-951-3082.
 
...
volunteers to work at Wild About Wildlife XI. We will need help with set-up on the day of the event and that evening at the event.  If you would like to contribute to the success of this important, fun event, please call LoriAnn at 480-471-0125.
 
...
an enclosure for our education animals (estimated cost $5,000).
Special Thanks

Dr. Steve Gilson & Dr. Mark Soderstrom of Sonora Veterinary Specialists

Dr. Lilian Rizzo, Dr. Carol Samson, Dr. Gorman, and the Veterinary Interns and staff at Sonora Veterinary Specialists

Dr. Leo Egar

Dr. Yael Berko

Dr. Chris Heinritz

Dr. Irv Ingram and staff of All Creatures Animal Hospital

Dr. Arch Robertson, Dr. Bryan Todd Smithenson, Dr. Ale Aguirre and staff of Vet Med Consultants

Dr. Ronald Sigler, Dr. Jennifer Urbanz, and Staff of Eye Care for Animals

Dr. Visser, Dr. Kaufman, and Staff of Aid Animal Dental Clinic

Dr. Barnes and staff of Del Lago Veterinary Hospital

Mark Finke, Nutritionist

AJ's Fine Foods for produce and meat

Albertsons-Via Linda for produce

Safeway at The Summit for produce

Basha's in Carefree for produce

Sprouts

USA Mobility for pagers

Extreme Internet for the web site

Safeway eScrip Program

Bill Hood,Scottsdale Accounting Service

Shalako Nut Farm

Nestle Purina

California Pools for maintaining the bear pool

Chris Hock of North Valley Pump

Wes Patrick and Kristin & Scott Patrick of Critter Control

Tohono O'odham Farming Community

Dale Husband of Husband Car & Truck Repair

Dynjan & Advertising for newsletter design

Hogue Printing for newsletter printing

Recent Rescues
by Paul Dief
Three Javelinas and a Little Bobcat
 
Javelina #1

I got a call from Linda regarding a javelina that was trapped in a concrete trench off Lone Mountain. The homeowner was building a big garage for his motor home. Under the motor home was a mechanics pit: a concrete lined trench about 4ft wide, 6ft deep and 30ft long. Evidently, the javelina got spooked, ran for cover under the motor home, and fell into the trench.

Normally a ladder is used to get in/out of the pit. Obviously, javelinas don't do ladders. So, I dropped into the pit with a crate. I carefully scooted the javelina toward one end of the pit, using the crate (with the door open) as a protective barrier between the javelina and me. Once we got to the end of the pit, the critter just walked right on into the cage!

I proceeded to release the none-too-happy, but otherwise healthy, javelina outside. It was a scene from right from a cartoon: I opened the crate's door and the javelina started running in place on the slippery crate floor. After a couple of seconds, he gained some traction and bolted out of the cage—setting a javelina speed record for the bushes.

Javelina #2

This time, Linda said there was an injured javelina on a front porch in Cave Creek. Injured animal rescues are always the hardest, as most of the time it seems to end with the critter dying.

By the time I arrived, the javelina had moved to the side yard and looked to be in pretty good shape. He had a nasty scrape on his shoulder, mostly likely from a run-in with a car. I used my pig pole net to capture and then steer him into a crate. He put up a good struggle, which seemed to be a sign that he wasn't hurt too badly.

I drove him down to Sonora Veterinary Specialists and dropped him off. I later heard he died shortly after I left. Bummer! Not every rescue has a happy ending, but ya gotta try.

Javelina #3

This call came from Mia Ditson, a fellow Cave Creek rescuer. One of her neighbors had a baby javelina, covered in cholla balls, in his yard. I met Mia at the house, where we found a couple-of-days-old javelina covered from head to butt in cholla balls. He was lying down and couldn't move—his hind legs were actually stuck together with cholla balls!

Mom javelina was running back and forth as we started to work on the little guy. We knew it was important that we stay in sight of Mom, so she didn't run off and abandon her baby.

I held the baby in my hands and Mia used some pliers to pull out the cholla balls and spines. Now, there is no way to hold a squiggling javelina baby covered in cactus without getting lots of spines imbedded in your hands (even with leather gloves), so this was the most painful rescue I have ever done. The little guy was screaming and biting my fingers every chance he got.

All the while, Mom was running around and seemed to be getting closer and closer. My plan, if Mom attacked, was to pick Mia up and use her as a shield. Mia's plan was to simply push me towards Mom and make a hasty retreat through a nearby gate.

Fortunately, we did not have to implement either of these plans. After about 10 minutes (it sure seemed a lot longer!) of excellent cactus pulling by Mia (from the javelina and my hands!), we were able to deliver the baby back to Mom, and they walked off into the desert. The homeowners have since reported seeing Mom and baby doing just fine. Happy endings make my day.

Little Bobcat

Homeowners called Southwest Wildlife and reported hearing howling sounds from within the exterior wall of their house. They had seen a mother bobcat and a kitten on their roof and thought the kitten had somehow fallen into the wall space.

I arrived at the house and not a sound was to be heard. I checked the roof above the area and found one spot on the porch roof where I thought a bobcat could get in. We figured that mom was able to get the kitten out and returned to the wash behind the house, so I left.

Later on, I got a call from the homeowner that the noise was back. There was definitely something trapped in the exterior hallway wall off of the kitchen. I cut a small hole in the drywall, peaked in with a flashlight, and saw a healthy baby bobcat. I could see were it had shredded the insulation trying to climb out. We got the kitten out and into a cage. I put the cage in the wash for awhile to see if mom would return for her baby but she never did.

While cleaning out the fallen insulation in the wall space, I found the mummified remains of two other bobcat kittens, probably from the previous year. I have been on one other similar rescue where a bobcat kitten had climbed down through a roof vent into the attic crawl space. What appears to be a cool place to hide often becomes a death trap. All openings in your roof (including the chimney) need to have screens to keep birds and critters out.

I took the kitten to Southwest where it is being rehabbed. I returned to the house the next day with some wire mesh and screws to close up the hole so this will never happen again. I advised the homeowner to contact the builder about checking similar home models for this same opening where two roof planes meet. It was under an eave so rain wasn't an issue – but the hole was just big enough for a small animal to get in.

Make a donation.

Children's Book Review
Dig, Wait, Listen:
A Desert Toad's Tale
by April Pulley Sayre
pictures by Barbara Bash

This is a book about the amazing desert dwelling spadefoot toad. The book explains how the spadefoot toad survives in the hot, dry desert while it waits for a certain sound, a sound that signals to the toad to start digging up and out of the ground. The story is well written, fun, and has beautiful illustrations. The book includes natural history of the spadefoot toad as well as its desert neighbors. Dig Wait Listen: A Desert Toad's Tale will appeal to both kids and adults who are interested in learning about the extraordinary spadefoot toad.